SHAP, under direction of Ing. Ibrahim Gulyurtlu, INETI researcher (Portuguese national research center) projects and installs biomass fluidized bed combustors. Ing. Gulyurtlu is a worldwide authority in  organic residuals  combustor field.
The Fluized Bed Technology FBC (Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustion) is an efficient, reliable and low-pollution solution.
 The reasons for the high combustion properties of fluidized-bed are as follows:

• Enormous surface for combustion and heat transfer takes place due to the turbulent sand bed.
• Good contact between the combustion air and the fuel due to their intensive mixing in the fluidized bed
• Large heat capacity of the sand bed in proportion to the quantity of fuel supply, that produce a good  stabilization of the reaction.
• A freeboard above the bed where the complete combustion of fuel takes place through mixing with secondary air.

These characteristics allow to burn fuels at relatively low temperatures (on the average approx to 850 °C) with sufficient air and residence time enough long to destroy thermally many organic compounds which are considered   harmful if emitted into the atmosphere.
The following are the advantages:

•  High thermal efficiency
•  Low NOx emission
•  Minimal emissions of organic carbon compounds
•  High retention of contaminants in the fluidized bed by means of Ca containing sorbent

These combustors can be fuelled with various type of solid biomass such us various organic residual.
When the combustor is utilized to produce electric power, it is matched with a steam turbine.
 Power plant consists essentially of:

• a furnace with a fluidized bed system in which the combustion of the fuel will take place
• A recovery boiler  in which the steam will be raised for the turbine for the generation of the power, using the hot gases from the furnace
• The economizer in which hot water for the boiler will be raised utilizing hot gases from the boiler 

Fluidized bed boiler

The complete plant consisting of:

• Fluidized bed furnace
• Steam turbine
• Condenser
• Biomass fuel handling system (if the biomass is a row material)
• Biomass fuel feeding system 
• Ash extraction system
• Feed water demineralization plant
• Pollutant treatment system

Lay-out

Cyclones/chimney

An attractive  use of this technology is the integration with the solar tower system.               
The plant consists in a Volumetric solar receiver, a biomass fluidized bed combustor and one or more  gas turbines to produce electric power with the only renewable power sources utilization
About this technology  the SHAP can supply:

• plants, turnkey, consisting of a biomass fluidized combustor and a steam turbine for electric power generation, match with a prospective remote heating, in a range from 1-1,5 MW electric  to 10 MW electric
• plants consisting of a biomass fluidized bed integrated with a solar tower system to combined production of electric energy, heat and cold in a range from 1 to 3 MW electric